JAPANESE MANDARINE ORANGES

Adding Apples and Oranges

We define a unit system for end-user spreadsheets that is based on the concrete notion of units instead of the abstract concept of types. Units are derived from header information given by spreadsheets. The unit system contains concepts, such as dependent units, multiple units, and unit generalization, that allow the classification of spreadsheet contents on a more fine-grained level than types...

Comparing apples and oranges ...

The most comprehensive and often-cited statistic about the U.S. economy is gross domestic product (GDP), the sum of all goods and services produced in the United States. Estimates of GDP are the featured statistics in the National Income and Product Accounts, the construction of which involves the collection and aggregation of an immense amount of data. In the construction of real GDP, complica...

Peeling phylogenetic ‘ oranges ’ ✩

We investigate the combinatorics of a topological space that is generated by the set of edgeweighted finite trees. This space arises by multiplying the weights of edges on paths in trees and is closely connected to tree reconstruction problems involving finite state Markov processes. We show that this space is a contractible finite CW-complex whose face poset can be described via a partial orde...

Comparing apples and oranges.

Apples in Amsterdam and oranges in Leiden

In this journal, Bosch and colleagues report their experience with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in the Leiden region and report a very high survival rate to discharge of 43 % [1]. They analyse the factors that contributed to this high survival rate. Also, they note that this survival rate in the Leiden region is approximately three times higher than the European average. The factors th...